What is Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) and how can it be managed?

Blood clots can sometimes form in the deep veins, obstructing venous drainage out of the affected leg. In some people this occurs spontaneously. In others, it is provoked by immobility or surgery, for instance. It may lead to pulmonary embolism (clots traveling to the lungs) that can be fatal. It can also lead to venous inflammation, permanent vein valve damage and venous hypertension. The standard of care is anti-coagulation (blood thinners) but in many cases anti-coagulants do not relieve the obstruction quickly enough. Permanent damage in the form of post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) can occur. One treatment that can be offered for a new DVT is to use a small catheter to disrupt and suck out clot directly. Any venous outflow obstruction can also be treated at the same time, with stents. Early research suggests that this leads to better outcomes than just taking anti-coagulant medicines.